appsec

I validate input at trust boundaries, not halfway through business logic. Explicit schemas force decisions about allowed types, lengths, enums, and nested structure. That keeps weird payloads from becoming security bugs and makes error behavior much e

Client-side cookies should be treated as attacker-controlled even when the framework signs them. I use encrypted cookies for sensitive state, keep payloads minimal, and avoid long-lived authorization decisions inside the browser. The convenience of co

Rate limiting is both a security control and an availability control. I use it to slow credential stuffing, login brute force, and noisy scraping without punishing normal use. The trick is keying limits on the right dimensions and emitting metrics so

I use a review checklist to make sure basic controls are present before a service ships: auth, logging, secrets, dependency scanning, backups, and least privilege. Checklists do not replace expertise, but they prevent avoidable omissions. The best one