Makefile for DevOps task automation

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Makefiles provide a simple, universal task runner for DevOps workflows. Targets define named tasks with optional dependencies. The .PHONY declaration prevents conflicts with files of the same name. Variables set at the top configure reusable values. $(shell ...) executes commands inline. Conditional logic with ifdef and ifeq adapts to environments. Self-documenting targets with ## comment syntax generate help text automatically. Include files split complex Makefiles into manageable pieces. Make is available on virtually every Unix system, requiring no installation. Targets chain together for complex workflows—deploy depends on test, which depends on build. Default target (first target or .DEFAULT_GOAL) runs with bare make.