automation

Shell scripts automate repetitive DevOps tasks like deployments, backups, and health checks. I use #!/bin/bash with set -euo pipefail for strict error handling—-e exits on error, -u errors on undefined variables, -o pipefail catches pipe failures. Fun

GitLab CI/CD uses .gitlab-ci.yml for pipeline configuration. Pipelines consist of stages that run sequentially. Jobs within the same stage run in parallel. The image key sets the Docker image for each job. variables define global or job-level environm

Makefiles provide a simple, universal task runner for DevOps workflows. Targets define named tasks with optional dependencies. The .PHONY declaration prevents conflicts with files of the same name. Variables set at the top configure reusable values. $

Ansible automates server configuration and application deployment without agents. Playbooks are YAML files describing desired system state. hosts targets machines from the inventory. tasks execute modules like apt, copy, template, service, and user. h

GitHub Actions automates build, test, and deploy workflows. Workflows are defined in .github/workflows/ YAML files. The on key specifies triggers—push, pull_request, schedule, or workflow_dispatch. Jobs run on runners with configurable OS. steps execu