design-patterns

Service objects extract complex business logic from models and controllers, following Single Responsibility Principle. I structure services with a clear public interface—typically a call method. Services handle multi-step operations, external API call

Form objects encapsulate form logic separate from models. I use form objects for multi-model forms, complex validations, or forms not directly mapping to models. Form objects include ActiveModel modules for validations and callbacks. They handle param

The Builder pattern creates complex objects step-by-step, improving readability and flexibility. I implement builders with static inner classes—fluent methods return the builder for chaining. Required fields use constructor parameters, optional fields

Query objects encapsulate complex database queries in reusable, testable classes. I use query objects when scopes become too complex or require parameters. Query objects compose smaller scopes, handle conditionals, and apply filtering logic. They're i